Should You Buy the iShares Core S&P 500 ETF During the Stock Market Sell-Off? Here's What History Says.

The S&P 500 (^GSPC +2.02%) stock market index closed at 6,506 on Friday, March 20, marking a 7% decline from its all-time high. Sell-offs of this magnitude are relatively common, but with economic uncertainty on the rise and geopolitical tensions raging in the Middle East, there is a risk of further downside from here.

But throughout history, investors who treated periods of weakness as buying opportunities have reaped significant rewards over the long term. Purchasing an S&P 500 index fund is one of the simplest and most cost-effective ways to capitalize on the recent market sell-off, because it provides investors with exposure to some of the fastest-growing companies in areas like artificial intelligence (AI), alongside defensive companies in sectors like financials and healthcare.

The iShares Core S&P 500 ETF (IVV +1.98%) is an exchange-traded fund (ETF) that directly tracks the index by holding the same stocks and maintaining similar weightings. Should investors buy it now?

Recent volatility highlights the benefits of diversification

The S&P 500 hosts 500 companies from 11 different sectors of the economy, and it has a very strict entry criteria. To qualify for selection, companies must be profitable, and they must maintain a market capitalization of at least $22.7 billion. But even after ticking those boxes, a special committee has the final say over which companies make the cut.

The S&P 500 is weighted by market capitalization, so the largest companies in the index have a greater influence over its performance than the smallest. The “Magnificent Seven” stocks, which include Nvidia, Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, Meta Platforms, and Tesla, have a combined market cap of $19.3 trillion, so they represent a whopping 32.7% of the total value of the index.

Investors who exclusively owned those companies likely outperformed the broader market over the last few years, particularly since the AI boom started gathering momentum in early 2023. However, these stocks often underperform during periods of market weakness, as investors cash in gains to reduce risk. Therefore, while the S&P 500 is down 7% from its record high, the Magnificent Seven stocks are down by an average of 12% over the same period.

AAPL data by YCharts

This highlights the benefits of diversification. While the S&P 500 hosts an abundance of growth stocks, it also maintains exposure to several defensive sectors of the economy, featuring companies with resilient business models and reliable cash flow. For example:

Data source: iShares. Sector weightings are accurate as of March 19, 2026, and are subject to change.

The iShares Core S&P 500 ETF is a cost-effective way to invest in the entire S&P 500. It has an expense ratio of just 0.03%, which is the proportion of the fund deducted each year to cover management costs, so an investment of $10,000 would incur an annual fee of just $3.

History suggests there is rarely a bad time to invest

According to Capital Group, the S&P 500 experiences a 5% sell-off once per year on average, and those drawdowns morph into steeper 10% corrections every two and a half years or so. Bear markets, which are defined by peak-to-trough declines of 20% or more, are much rarer, but they still tend to happen once every six years.

Simply put, volatility is a normal part of the investing process; think of it as the price of admission for the opportunity to earn significant returns over the long run. Even after accounting for every sell-off, correction, and bear market, the S&P 500 has still produced a compound annual return of 10.6% since its inception in 1957. Therefore, investors who stayed the course, especially during the most challenging periods, have done extremely well over the long term.

It’s impossible to consistently time the market, so there is no reliable way to tell whether the current 7% decline in the S&P 500 will worsen. However, history suggests the index is very likely to trade higher in five years, 10 years, and 15 years from now, so its current price might look like a bargain when reflecting back on this moment in the future.

Therefore, now might be a great time to buy the iShares Core S&P 500 ETF. Investors who are uncomfortable with the elevated levels of volatility could scale into the ETF with small, consistent monthly purchases, rather than deploying a lump sum of money today.